渡槽工程的病害分析与防治研究

结合某大型渡槽工程实例,探索适用于该类工程的检测、评价与病害处治方法,结合检测信息进行三维数值模拟,以达到从整体与局部、内在机理与外因相结合的角度对渡槽进行病害综合分析.与以往仅从渡槽工程具体病害表象进行表层处理的方式不同,该方法是从引起结构病害的深层次原因方面进行分析研究.最后,在检测与分析的基础上,提出有针对性的病害治理方案.该方案已成功应用在工程的修补上,取得了较满意的结果.     

水溶性La_(0.88)Sr_(0.12)MnO_3纳米粒子的非水相合成

采用纳米微乳液法,以三嵌段共聚物聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯(PEO-PPO-PEO)为表面活性剂,乙酰丙酮镧(III),乙酰丙酮锰(III)和乙酰丙酮锶(II)为前驱体,1,2-十六烷二醇为还原剂成功合成了水溶性La0.88Sr0.12MnO3纳米粒子.FT-IR分析证实该纳米粒子表面存在PEO-PPO-PEO分子,XRD和TEM分析表明该纳米粒子基本上呈球形、粒径分布窄、结晶度高,VSM测试表明该纳米粒子室温下显示软铁磁性.纳米粒子在水中快速和高效的分散收集过程,表明该纳米粒子具有良好的水溶性和磁操控性.     

水热法制备不同形貌纳米片状MoS_2的光催化性能

二硫化钼是类似于石墨烯的二维层状材料,其优异的磁学性能、电学性能、催化性能和光学性能受到了科研人员的广泛关注.通过水热法制备出4种不同形貌的二硫化钼纳米片.对二硫化钼样品进行扫描电子显微镜测试,以200 W钨丝灯为光源,在暗箱中进行甲基橙溶液的降解测试.通过紫外可见光分光光度计对测试样品溶液进行吸光度测试,得出纳米片状的二硫化钼光催化降解甲基橙溶液降解率最高.     

温度和机械载荷联合作用下油田超深井中硬质涂层膨胀锥与套管的屈服挤毁压强及试验验证

在充分考虑温度载荷、机械载荷、硬质涂层膨胀锥硬度、套管硬度对膨胀锥与套管之间屈服挤毁压强影响的基础上,根据分形理论和接触力学推导出膨胀锥与套管之间屈服挤毁压强的计算公式.数值分析表明:膨胀锥与套管之间的屈服挤毁压强随最终温度、分形粗糙度、线膨胀系数、硬质涂层膨胀锥布氏硬度、中间主应力系数、套管壁厚的增大而增大;当分形维数从1增大时,膨胀锥与套管之间的屈服挤毁压强随分形维数的增大而减小;当分形维数增大到接近于2时,膨胀锥与套管之间的屈服挤毁压强随分形维数的增大而增大;随拉压强度比的增大,膨胀锥与套管之间的屈服挤毁压强减小.屈服挤毁压强的计算值与试验测试值之间的相对误差为-8.9253%～-0.9901%.     

神木气田低渗致密储层特征与水平井开发评价

鄂尔多斯盆地东部神木气田是长庆气区目前增储上产的重要组成部分，系统研究其储层特征、空间叠置结构及水平井开发适用性对气田科学开发具有重要意义。实验分析表明，神木气田山西、太原组储层岩石类型主要为岩屑石英砂岩、岩屑砂岩及石英砂岩，孔隙类型以溶蚀孔、晶间孔及粒间孔为主，储层孔隙度分布于2.0%~10.0%，平均为6.6%，渗透率分布于0.10~1.00 mD，平均为0.83 mD，整体属低孔、致密砂岩储层。测试分析表明，孔隙度5.0%、渗透率0.10 mD、含气饱和度45%为有效储层物性下限标准。基于密井网解剖，将有效砂体空间结构类型划分为多层孤立分散型、垂向多期叠加型、侧向多期叠置型等3种。研究表明，神木气田不适合开展大规模水平井开发，可在有限地区进行局部式水平井部署。     

高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础受力分析

基于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载特性,提出了一种改进有限杆单元计算分析方法.分析了高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载机理及受力特性,建立了双桩基础计算分析模型.其次,根据前、后桩与边坡相对位置关系,给出了后桩所受剩余下滑力与前桩所受土压力的比例关系.在传统有限杆单元分析方法基础上,结合陡坡桩受力特征,导得了考虑桩土共同作用与"P-Δ"效应的单元刚度矩阵修正方法,并在此基础上编制了适用于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础的有限杆单元分析MATLAB计算程序.采用室内模型试验对本文计算方法进行验证,给出了适用于陡坡段桥梁桩基的设计流程图.研究结果表明:本文理论计算值与模型试验实测结果吻合良好,表明本文计算方法正确可行,可为同类工程设计提供参考.     

Tailoring soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys through C addition

It is known that developing Fe-based amorphous alloys with the saturation flux density(B_s) higher than 1.65 T is a major challenge.In present work,effects of C addition on magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were systematically studied.It has been found that the addition of C can significantly increase the saturation flux density(B_s) and the magnetic flux density at 800 A/m(B_(800)) of the Fe-B-C-Si-P amorphous alloys.After the addition of C,the B_s of the amorphous alloys increase from 1.61 T(Fe_(83)B_(13)Si_3 P_1) to 1.65-1.71 T(Fe_(83)B_(13-x)C_xSi_3 P_1,x=1.5,2,3 and 4). The Fe_(83)B_(10)C_3 Si_3 P_1 amorphous alloy possesses excellent soft magnetic properties with high B_s of 1.71 T and low H_c of 1.5 A/m.It shows that density increase of the alloys and weakened metalloid-sp/metal-d bonding caused by C addition contribute to the increment of B_s.It suggests that the newly developed high-performance amorphous alloys possess great potential in application.     

Effect of Al on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg–1Mn alloy sheet

The effect of Al addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot extruded Mg–1 Mn alloy sheet was investigated. The results revealed that the dynamic recrystallization was promoted by increasing Al content. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increased with the increase of Al content. The Mg–9 Al–1 Mn alloy exhibited the highest strength, with tensile strength of 308 MPa, 307 MPa, 319 MPa, yield strength of 199 MPa, 207 MPa, 220 MPa and the elongation of 20.9%, 20.1%, 19.2% in 0°, 45°, 90°, respectively.The high strength was mainly attributed to the formation of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and large amounts of the second phase. The strengthening mechanism of the alloys was explained.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

钩形弯交叉口信号协同控制优化方法研究

针对车辆在钩形弯交叉口与相邻常规交叉口间的整体运行特性，建立了各条车道的车辆平均延误计算模型。以各交叉口的周期时长和相位绿灯时间为约束，钩形弯交叉口与相邻常规交叉口间的车辆平均延误最小为目标，建立了信号协同配时方案。以位于苏州市高新区内有轨电车沿线的两个相邻交叉口为例，采用实际数据验证所建立的方法，并设置钩形弯渠化方案。将设置的钩形弯交叉口与其相邻常规交叉口的信号协同作为改进方法，在VISSIM软件中对比分析改进方案与现状方案的车辆延误指标。实验结果表明，钩形弯交叉口与相邻常规交叉口的信号协同优化方法可有效提高交叉口的通行能力，尤其是干道直行机动车的通行能力，可降低车辆的平均延误。